http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/584 Thu, 30 Apr 2026 03:05:45 GMT 2026-04-30T03:05:45Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/694 A Review - Septage Management Related Regulatory and Institutional Aspects and Needs in Sri Lanka Fernando, S; Drechsel, P; Manthrithilake, H; Jayawardena, L Urbanization, population growth and rapid development have created a notable shift in septage* management in Sri Lanka, necessitating a vast and rapid improvement in the service of mechanized septage collection by trucks and finding additional space to meet the increasing septage disposal needs. According to data collected in 2012, 58% of the Local Authorities (LAs) in Sri Lanka have access to septic truck services. Septage (from septic trucks) appears as a non-traditional and fairly new urban waste stream without proper regulatory and institutional arrangement to manage. This paper contains a comprehensive legal, regulatory and institutional analysis of the present situation, and identify the needs and gaps that need to be filled to establish a sustainable septage management service in Sri Lanka. This review has elicited the need for a new array of regulatory and institutional interventions from national level to local level to manage septage. Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/694 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/689 Employee Turnover in Manufacturing SMEs in Japan: An Analysis of the Link with HRM Practices Gamage, Aruna S Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector is playing a significant role in Japanese economy. However, over the last two decades, SMEs have no longer been a thriving source of growth. The firm entry rate has downward trend while exit rate has trended upward in recent years and considerably exceeded the entry rate. One of the reasons for the high rate of business failures in SMEs, is due to its less attention to the human side of their businesses when compared with their counter parts of large enterprises. High voluntary turnover is considered to be the one of critical problem for SME owner/managers among many other human resource issues. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and voluntary turnover in SMEs in Japan. Specifically, this study attempts to examine the relationship between HRM practices and voluntary turnover shedding some lights on the mediating effect of the link in between HRM practices and turnover rate. A structured questionnaire was developed and sent to 436 SMEs in Aichi Prefecture and 144 firms responded to the questionnaire resulting in 32 percent response rate. Based on the data analysis it was found that there is negative but weak relationship, partially mediated by HR outcomes, between HRM practices and voluntary turnover rate in manufacturing SMEs in Japan. Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/689 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/678 Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Micro-Propagation of Selected Sri Lankan Traditional and Improved Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) Dissanayaka, D. M. P; Dahanayake, Nilanthi In this study five selected Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties (Kaluheenati, Sulaai, Suwadhal, Dostara Heenati) (Oryza sativa L.) and five improved rice varieties (At362, Bg94/1, Bg358, Bg357, Bg379) were examined for callus induction, plant regeneration and rooting using in vitro techniques. Seeds were cultured in five different hormone concentrations; 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/l 2, 4- Dichlorophenoxy acitic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.1 mg/l 6 – Benzyl adenine purine (BAP) on Murashige and Skoogs (MS) basal medium for callus induction. Proliferated calli were transferred to five different hormone concentrations; 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/l BAP with 0.1 mg/l Indole acetic acid (IAA) to regenerate shoots. Regenerated shoots were transferred to three different hormone concentrations; 1.5, 2.0, 3.0 mg/l Indole butric acid (IBA) for rooting. Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was used with ten replicates and data was analyzed by SAS 9.1.3 version. The interaction between plant varieties and different hormone concentrations are highly significant for callus diameter, number of shoots per explants and root length. All tested rice cultivars (100%) were able to produce callus however only 40% of rice varieties were regenerate shoots. The regeneration ability of rice varieties varied from 0% to 100%. All shoots were able to produce 100% roots in tested IBA concentrations. Among all selected rice varieties 2.0 mg/l 2, 4-D+0.1 mg/l BAP is most successful for callus induction while 2.0 mg/l BAP+0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l IBA most effective for shoot regeneration and root induction respectively Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/678 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/675 A Comparative Study for Pre and Post War Performance of Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) Dayaratne, D. A. I It is currently debated in academic and other forums that the peace dawning in the country has induced the performance of CSE in Sri Lanka. It is invariably accepted that the smooth functioning of the stock market is largely determined by the stability of the country’s business environment. Thus, this paper attempts to explore whether there is an improvement in the performance of the each business sector listed on CSE in the post war periods. For the purpose of separately highlighting the impact of peace on stock market performance some pre war periods are also considered. The period 2005 to 2008 is considered as pre war period and the period 2009 to 2012 is considered as post war period. To measure the performance of the CSE some important indicators were used namely, sector indexes, market capitalization of the companies, foreign purchases and sales and total turnover of the CSE and key market ratios. Perhaps importantly, these indicators are very widely used in measuring stock market performance by practitioners and academics in developed and developing markets. It is established that majority of the performance indicators used in this study are highly sensitive to the peaceful dividend in the country. Moreover, it is found that majority of indicators have gained significant improvement after the war. The findings imply that peace is an essential element for the development of the capital market in Sri Lanka. Thu, 01 May 2014 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/675 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z