http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/660 Tue, 28 Apr 2026 08:06:43 GMT 2026-04-28T08:06:43Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1013 Polyploidy Induction of Moth Orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume) by Colchicine Treatment on Pollinated Flowers Azmi, T. K. K; Sukma, D; Aziz, S. A; Syukur, M The effectiveness of colchicine treatment at inducing polyploidy in Phalaenopsis amabilis (2n=2x=38) was investigated. Colchicine was applied on P. amabilis pollinated flowers and the development of the pods (fruit) was examined. Colchicine concentration in the experiment were 0, 50, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg L-1, with three and five days duration. The result showed that higher colchicine concentration decreased pod length and pod number. Visual screening of the seedlings obtained from colchicines treatments were classified into normal seedlings (NS), i.e. those having similar morphology to control, and putative polyploidy mutant seedlings (PMS). All colchicinetreated PMS were significantly different compared to control in the basal organ of the protocorm (BOP) length and width, leaf length, and root length and diameter. The PMS chromosome number analysis revealed that 50 mg L-1 for three or five days colchicine application and 500 mg L-1 for five days colchicine application produced 60 and 100% tetraploid mutant seedlings, respectively Sun, 01 May 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1013 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1010 The Length Polymorphism of the Locus psbA-trnH is Idyllic to Detect the Adulterations of Black Pepper with Papaya Seeds and Chili Dissanayake, D.R.R.P; Herath, H.M.P.D; Dissanayake, M.D.M.I.M; Chamikara, M.D.M; Jayakody, M.M; Amarasekara, S.S.C; Kularathna, K.W.T.R; Karannagoda, N.N.H; Ishan, M; Sooriyapathirana, S.D.S.S Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is an important spice. The adulteration of black pepper seeds and powder with papaya seeds, green chili and red chili can be seen and limited studies have been conducted to detect these adulterants. The objectives of the present study were to assess the appropriateness of morphometric methods to discriminate papaya seed and chili adulterations in black pepper and to establish a DNA based strategy to detect these adulterations. A necessary adulteration series of seeds and powders were prepared for the analyses along with commercial samples. The appearance of the seed and powder samples were slightly different but not very distinct among the pure and adulterated samples emphasizing the need of a biochemical approach to detect the adulteration. The adulterated and commercial black pepper samples received lower pungency ranks compared to that of pure samples. QIAGEN DNeasy® Plant Mini Kit was successful in extracting PCR amplifiable DNA from any sample without papaya seeds and the modified CTAB method was able to extract required PCR amenable DNA from any sample with papaya seed material. The universal DNA barcoding primer pair, psbA-trnH, was used to amplify the DNA. Black pepper DNA yielded 200 bp band, chili and papaya DNA yielded 450 bp band and DNA from adulterated samples produced both 200 bp and 450 bp bands. Therefore this strategy can be used to detect papaya / chili adulterations in black pepper. Sun, 01 May 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1010 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1008 Effects of Climate on Chicken Production in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria Olanrewaju, R. M; Tilakasiri, S. L; Adeleke, E. A This paper explores the role which climate plays on the severity of diseases and seasonal mortality rate of chicken in the guinea savanna ecological zone of Kwara State, Nigeria. Data on climate and mortality rate of chicken collected over a period of 23 years (1991-2013) were partitioned according to characteristics weather types. Correlation and simple regression methods were used to analyse the data. The results of the analyses showed that weather types of each season affect outbreak of various diseases and mortality rate differently. In the dry season weather types outbreak of Newcastle and Gumboro diseases prevailed mostly during harmattan when mortality rate of chicken exhibited a strong positive relationship of 0.711 with rainfall and a strong negative relationship of 0.604 with maximum temperature. The last two months of dry season (March-April) witnessed the reverse of the above but with Newcastle disease and heat stress plaguing chicken production. The most prevalent chicken disease of rainy season in the study area is Coccidiosis. During the first weather type of wet season (two months before August break) mortality rate of chicken exhibited a strong positive relationship of 0.861 and 0.845 before August break, 0.775 and 0.894 during August break with both rain fall and relative humidity. However the relationship was negative with both maximum and minimum temperatures. Suggestions are made on how to manage both major weather types and poultry operation for efficient poultry farm development in the tropics. Sun, 01 May 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1008 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1005 Toxicity Bioassay of some Essential Oil Vapour on Various Life Stages of Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) under Laboratory Conditions Tasnin, M. Shahrima; Khalequzzaman, M A comparative efficacy of five essential oils (EOs) of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), and Jasmine (Jasminum spp.) was assessed against two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae. The mites were reared under laboratory conditions and oils were procured from market. Fumigation experiment was done in a glass jar making it airtight. The mortality of mites was recorded after 48 hours of treatment. The result showed that the most potent fumigant was cardamom with highest LC50 values 180.57nlcm-3, 199.45 nlcm-3 and 395.36 nlcm-3 for protonymph, deutonymph and adult respectively. Jasmine (354.05 nlcm-3), cinnamon (659.13nlcm-3) and eucalyptus (1033.7 nlcm-3) were least effective oils for protonymh, deutonymph and adult stages accordingly. All the oils used in the current study have a variable degree of toxicity on different stages of TSSM life cycle. In case of all tested oils, protonymph showed 50% mortality at lower doses(range of value was 180.57 to 354.05 nlcm-3 ) but adult needed two to three fold higher doses( range of value was 395.36 to 1033.7 nlcm-3 ) than protonymh. The result has revealed that, all these oils have great potentiality to be used as an acaricide in pests control program. Sun, 01 May 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1005 2016-05-01T00:00:00Z