http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2876 Mon, 20 Apr 2026 03:25:02 GMT 2026-04-20T03:25:02Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2918 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRACTURED ZONES AND OVER FLOWING TUBE WELLS IN MONARAGALA DISTRICT Kumara, H.P.D.I. Jayantha Overflowing tube wells are the wells those given water without any pumping. This research was carried out through out the Monaragala district. There is a drinking water problem in Monaragala district in dry period. Evaluate any relationship between overflowing tube wells and fractured zones in Monaragala, resulting a map that contains overflowing tube wells and fractured zones in Monaragala and giving locations of good aquifers are main objectives of this research. This task can be performed using Aerial photos of Monaragala and GIS technology. In addition locations of good aquifers to construct tube wells are given through this map. Aerial photos interpretation methodology was used to find out fractured zone’s global positioning coordinates. When, identifying fractured zones had to use Arcview GIS 3.2 software package. Digital map software used for located fractured zones and overflow tube wells locations. After observation of developed map, found availability of relationship of above relationship. Actually there is a relationship between overflow tube wells and fractured zones. Seventh of overflowing tube wells out of ten overflowing tube wells were intersected with fractured zones. Tue, 01 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2918 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2917 ESTIMATION OF GAS EMISSION FROM OPEN DUMPSITES IN COLOMBO DISTRICT RAJAPAKSE, R.W.T.T. Carbon dioxide and certain other trace gases, including methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and tropospheric ozone (O3), are accumulating in the atmosphere as a result of human activities. Global warming occurs because these gases retain infrared radiation, which normally would dissipate into space from Earth in the atmosphere, thus the atmosphere warms up. Some of the heat from the atmosphere is transferred to the oceans and raises their temperature as well. As the atmosphere and oceans warm, the overall temperature of the Earth rises. Because carbon dioxide and other gases trap the sun’s radiation in much the same way as the glass does in a greenhouse. Global warming produced in this manner is known as the greenhouse effect. This study will be used to develop plans for rehabilitating and mining of dumpsites in the Colombo District. Most of the disposal sites were small scale and suffered by operation problems such as the lack of man power and heavy machines and from the environmental impacts such as ground water contamination and odor problem. The methane emissions have been determined by the Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) using a method on the basis of mass balance approach incorporates no time factor and can be applied to the total waste emanating from the area. The calculation based on the amount of waste generation and open dumpsites, the fraction of Degradable Organic Carbon (DOC) that actually degraded into biogas and the fraction of biogas that actually released as methane. Therefore, secondary data and information were gathered on disposal of wastes in the Colombo District and three dumpsites, namely at Buthgamuwa, Karadiyana and Maharagama were monitored for a period of seven days and a closed flux chamber method was used to determine the rate of gas emissions and the composition of the gas was analyzed. As expected the new dumpsite generated higher rate of Landfill Gases (LFG) than the old ones. Thus, an average gas generation was obtairied for the three sites and when compared with the reported value was much higher than IPCC method for Sri Lanka. The experimental value may be an over estimation and verification is needed and further studies are recommended. Interestingly considerable oxidation of methane takes place, perhaps in the cover soil. However, this oxidation is limited when methane generation levels exceed threshold levels. Also depending on the partial pressures, only moisture is given out while curtailing gas emissions. AlI of these aspects needs in depth studies. Tue, 01 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2917 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2916 DETERMINATION OF MAJOR CAUSATIVE FACTORS OF LANDSLEDES AND LANDSLIDES PRONE AREAS IN KEGALLE DISTRICT Hathurusinghe, A. Frequently experienced slope instability such as landslides cause a serious threat to life, property, and infrastructure in Kegalle District. According to the research done on this subject, factors such as slope angle range, bedrock lithology, soil overburden, drainage patterns, land use practices and type of land form have been identified as the major causative factors of slope instability. However, the degree of impact of these causative factors varies from region to region because of the differences in climatic and human activities in each region. This study was performed to identify the most vulnerable factor attributes, that have influenced the landslides observed within the Kegalle District During this study fifteen landslides within Kegalle District were investigated and the results reveal that Charnokite Gneiss is the most vulnerable bedrock type followed by Biotite Gneiss. Most landslides occur on scarp slopes within the range of 30 to 40 degree angles. Higher the overburden deposit thickness is, grater the slope’s susceptibility to fail. Within the investigated areas most landslides had occurred in the overburden thickness range of 2 to 3 meters. In the investigated areas land uses and human settlements with the highest landslide frequency were studied. Due to the limitations in accessibility to landslides and the time duration for this study, the number of sites investigated was limited to fifteen However, it is advisable to study a larger number of landslides, in order to strengthen the out come of this study further. Tue, 01 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2916 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2915 Contrasting an Effective Human Causes to Landslides Using GIS Technology Atapattu, A.L. During tile last few decades, landslides occurred with increasing frequency in the slopes of the hill country by causing severe damages to life and property. Badulla district is taken as one o f the most landslide affected area in Sri lanka- Human activities add a new and very significant dimension to Initiation, Growth and Devastating potential o f landslides in the rapidly developing hill country. The study area consist Landslide prone 4 square Km’s area in Viharagala G.S. Division within Badulla district The study was initiated with a desk-study of State-of-Nature maps which represen the situation in the year 1994 and the field investigation was conducted to examine the State o f the localion in year 2006. Those two distinct State maps were analyzed by using spatial data interpreting methods. The modem GIS software was used to carryout these tasks, that provides an excellent tools to correlate the data spatially and generate and analyze maps & other forms of thematic information. The spatial analysis results were showed that, from the year 1994 to 2004, people moreover moved and settled in landslide potential areas and the observations were revealed that, the people encroaching the land towards the steeper slopes by applying unprotected deep cuts,land fillings and land degradation practices. Analysis results revealed that the poorly managed Estate Plantations are highly contributed to occurring Landslides as because o f poor soil conservation practices. Due to these, the acceleration of Landslides hazards and related other environmental degradation is prominent. Even during this period from 1994 to 2006, adverse land-use practices have been rapidly increased. Land Stability Analysis results were indicated that the moderate stabilized areas in 1994 were transformed to low & medium stabilize lands. The conclusion stated that the incidence o f Landslides and potential slope failures has a direct link with human involvement. Although to reduce or mitigate the hazard of landslides,educating the villagers, on the issues such as the human influence in creating landslides and the good practice of land use, is a must. Tue, 01 Aug 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/2915 2006-08-01T00:00:00Z