http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3542 Sun, 03 May 2026 18:36:44 GMT 2026-05-03T18:36:44Z http://repo:8080/xmlui/bitstream/id/3ef74c66-d62e-45c8-8a08-7d14d6bd9966/ http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3542 http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3553 Akyana Sri Lanka, Sabaragamuwa University of Wed, 01 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3553 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3552 Mahāyāna–TantrayānaTraditions and Transition of Monastic Architecture in Ancient Sri Lanka Dharmarathna, Sumudu Buddhist monastic architectural traditions in Sri Lanka commenced with the establishment of Buddhism in the third century BCE. Mahinda Thera brought to Sri Lanka not only the Buddhist religion but also a complete Buddhist culture including the technological and constructional methodology of Buddhist monastic architecture. Based on available monastic archaeological remains, previous investigations have confirmed that the architectural tradition distinguished notable developments in the constructional plan, material, and methods employed from the middle part of the first millennia CE. Within the Sri Lankan monastic architectural process, it can be seen that the new models of monastic types known as Pabbata Vihāra, hospital monastic units, and Pañcakāvāsa monastic units were introduced during the said period. Some of them recognized the evolutionary process of monastic architecture depended mostly on the socio-economic and political patronage given to the monastic institutions. Most of them believed that with the influence of Mahāyāna Tantrayāna Buddhism, the Buddhist monastic architecture in Sri Lanka, changed considerably from the sixth century onwards. It is important to state that new developments in Buddhism, Mahāyāna, and Tantrayāna beliefs had incorporated different cult practices, various forms of relic worship, rituals, and ceremonial activities for salvation. These developments encouraged new forms of architectural modals and several modifications were introduced for various ritualistic activities in Buddhism. It is clear that these new ideological factors played a merger role as a joint force that spread throughout the contemporary Buddhist world. However, there are several queries, so far neglected by scholars. What are these new ideological factors, and where these new ideological elements were absorbed into the existing framework of the monastic plans? These are the main queries of this research. The main objective of this study,therefore, is to examine the transitional process of the monastic plan that visibly symbolizes the ideological developments of Buddhism, considering regional developments. Further, I conducted a literature review on monastic plans in ancient Sri Lanka. Wed, 01 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3552 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3551 Crystalising Marginalisation of Urban Watta Dwellers: A Study Based on Matiwatta in “Angulana” De Zoysa, H. L. S.; Gunasekara, A. M. A. S. The global COVID-19 epidemic had an impact on every social, political, economic, and cultural area. It wasn't only a healthcare catastrophe; its ramifications were multifaceted. In Sri Lanka, urban watta (slum) inhabitants were also included. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact. They are a marginalized community. When it came to following new healthcare procedures, there were a few issues. The selected research problem was "how urban slum / watta people were marginalized while crystallizing their social exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka" this research. The major goal of this study was to determine the elements that contributed to urban watta dwellers' social marginalization and isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. This study used a Case Study research design and was conducted as qualitative research. The research region was Matiwatta Slum in Angulana South Grama Niladhari Division, and data was obtained using the snowball sampling method and Purposive sampling method. For the primary data collection, twenty respondents were recruited, and in-depth interviews were done. The thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. Even before the COVID-19 lockdown phase, urban watta inhabitants were a marginalized community, according to the research findings. New lockdown experiences, encountered social, economic, and cultural issues, the role of non-slum dwellers and political agencies, issues of adhering to new healthcare practices, and reshaping social identity were some of the identified influential factors that determined the social exclusion and marginalization of urban watta dwellers during the lockdown period. In conclusion, these causes contributed to the worsening of social exclusion and marginalization, and as a result, watta residents' marginalization and social exclusion crystallized during the COVID-19 period, as a marginalized community. Wed, 01 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3551 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3550 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පැරණි වාරි උරුමය සංරක්ෂණය හා නඩත්තු කිරීමේ දේශීය සම්ප්‍රදාය චිත්‍රානන්ද, ඩී. සී.; වාව්වගේ, එස්.; ඇලෙස්සැන්ඩර්, කේ. එම්.; පෙරේරා, එම්. පී.; ගමගේ, ජී. සී. එල්. ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ජාතික අනන්‍යතාව හා බැඳුණු පොදු සංකේතය වනූයේ පූරාණ වාරි කර්මාන්ත සහ ඒ වටා ගොඩනැගුණු උරුමයයි.පූරාණ වාරි කර්මාන්තවලින් බහෝමයක් අතීතයේ සිට මේ දක්වා සක්‍රීයව ක්‍රියාකාරී ස්වරූපයෙන් පවතී.සියවස් ගණනාවක් පුරා අඛණ්ඩව සිදු කළ සංරක්ෂණ හා නඩත්තු ක්‍රියාවන් ඒ සඳහා අවශ්‍ය පදනම සකසා දී තිබූණි. ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ඉපැරණි වාරි කර්මාන්ත පද්ධතිය වටා ගොඩනැගුණූ වාරි උරුමය ආසන්න වශයෙන් ක්‍රිස්තු පුර්ව හයවන සියවසේ ආරම්භ විය.එය ක්‍රිස්තු පුර්ව වර්ෂ දොළොස්වන සියවස පමණ වන විට සංවර්ධනයේ උපරිම අවස්ථාවට ළඟා වී තිබුණි.වියළි හා ශූෂ්ක කලාපීය තැනිතලා භූමිය පූරා පැතිරි ගිය මෙම ඉපැරණි වාරි කර්මාන්ත වටා ලාංකීය ශිෂ්ටාචාරය හා සංස්කෘතික උරුමය වැඩී වර්ධනය විය.රජරට රාජධානිය නිරිත දිග ප්‍රදේශයට සංක්‍රමණය වීමත් සමඟ වියළි කලාපීය තැනිතලාව පුරා ව්‍යාප්තව පැවති වාරි පද්ධතිය ක්‍රමයෙන් පරිහානිය කරා ගමන් කළේය. ඉතා ඉහළ ඝනත්වයකින් වියළි කලාපීය තැනිතලා භූමිය පුරා ව්‍යාප්තව පැවතී වාරි පද්ධතිය ආරම්භක අවධියේදී ඒවා ඉදිකිරීමට මූල් වු ජනතාව සිදූ කළ නඩත්තු කටයූතු මඟින් ආරක්ෂා විය. පසූව ශිෂ්ටාචාරය වැඩූණු පසුව බලයට පත්වන සෑම රජ කෙනෙකු විසින් ම මහා පරිමාණයෙන් වාරි කර්මාන්ත ඉදිකිරීම්,පූළුල් කිරීම් හා සංරක්ෂණය කිරීම සිදූ කළහ.එවැනි ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණ හා විශාල කිරීම් පිළිබඳව ඓතිහාසික මූලාශ්‍රය මෙන්ම ශිලා ලේඛන මූලාශ්‍රය ගණනාවකම තොරතුරු සඳහන්ව තිබේ. Wed, 01 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://repo.lib.sab.ac.lk:8080/xmlui/handle/susl/3550 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z