Abstract:
Reverse punch (RP) is the most common punch used in karate contests, aiming to hit
the target at a medium range in a short amount of time while delivering maximum
power. The aim of this study was to design a biomechanical model that describes
the most effective RP. The model is intended to provide a quantitative assessment
of how the kinematics, kinetics, and performance-related variables of the kumite event
affect the performances. RP was analysed with and errors were identified. Movements
were captured using high speed camera setup (240Hz), data were analysed aid of
human movement analysing software (Qualisys). The performance of an athlete can be
determined or anticipated by comparing the previous and current errors. The optimal
performances were examined after engaging in the projected plan, based on the two
factors of punch velocity and area between lower limbs. Player A (height=1.68 m) has
a punch velocity of 1.7 ms-1 and an area of 2959.7 cm2, while player B (height=1.65
m) has a lower punch velocity but a larger area for RP. Further analysis and other
factors such as technique, form, and body mechanics would be necessary to determine
the effectiveness and overall power of each athlete’s RP. A biomechanical model was
developed in this work using 3D motion analysis and motion equation formation for
punching speed and time calculations. The results showed that the area and velocity of
the punch increased over time, reaching a peak before declining. The outcomes partially
satisfy the target level, but they may still be enhanced by using a superior technological
strategy. In addition, this biomechanical model can be utilized to enhance performance
and reduce posture mistakes when engaging in karate punching.
