Abstract:
Push-ups are known for their effectiveness in building upper body muscles. This
study aimed to quantitatively compare push-up performance with and without
grips, while also exploring qualitative insights and experiences related to both
variations. Employing an embedded mixed-methods research design, the study
combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide comprehensive
insights and minimize bias. The quantitative analysis focused on push-up
performance, while qualitative data offered a deeper understanding. A total of 40
Bachelor of Physical Education students, aged 19-35, with equal gender
distribution, were selected through purposive and purposeful sampling. The
revised push-up test protocol was utilized for data collection, supplemented by
follow-up interviews. Results revealed significant differences in push-up
performance between conditions for both male and female participants (statistical
value, p-value). A paired sample t-test demonstrated a significant decline in pushup
performance for male participants using grips (t[19] = -3.704, p = 0.002), and a
Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated a significant difference for female participants
as well (W[19] = 10, p = 0.005). These findings underscored the impact of grip
equipment on push-up execution, highlighting altered mechanics and distinct
performance outcomes. The addition of grip equipment led to variations in joint
angles and force distribution, influencing individual body mechanics and
movement patterns. Participant feedback illuminated challenges associated with
grip-enhanced push-ups, including discomfort and instability. Conversely,
participants accustomed to standard push-ups demonstrated greater comfort and
familiarity. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that the use of grip equipment
significantly affects push-up performance, leading to variations in mechanics and
outcomes. These insights highlight the importance of tailored training programs
considering grip variations, contributing to a better understanding of how
resistance exercise mechanics can influence performance outcomes.
