Abstract:
Organizations have come to realize that to most effectively manage the environmental burdens caused by industry and commerce, they need to look beyond just their most immediate operations and processes. Organizations need to consider their supply chain both upstream and downstream. The supply chain encompasses various activities i.e., purchasing, raw material extraction, manufacturing, transportation and distribution, warehousing, wholesaling, retailing, consuming, and reverse logistics. Therefore, the supply chain is one of the major economic and business activities in any country and globally as well. Numerous research findings underscore that a significant portion of the environmental issues stems from supply chain processes, particularly in the realms of manufacturing, transportation, distribution, and consumption.
