COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF MANUFACTURING PLASTIC BOTTLE CAPS USING VIRGIN VS RECYCLED POLYPROPYLENE

Abstract

1. Introduction This study evaluates the life cycle impacts of using virgin polypropylene (PP) granules versus recycled PP from saline bottle crush in the production of plastic bottle caps. The research aims to offer insights into the environmental impacts of PP plastic production, with broader implications for manufacturing industries, academic research, and life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. In response to the growing need for sustainable manufacturing and repurposing of medical plastic waste, this investigation provides a comparative analysis that contributes to medical plastic waste management solutions. 2. Research Methodology Data collection was conducted at S.M.L Produces (Pvt) Ltd with supplementary insights drawn from existing literature on the environmental impacts of PP production. This study employs a cradle-to- gate LCA, comparing the environmental impacts of virgin PP granules and recycled PP from saline bottles. It uses the ReCiPe 2016 method in SimaPro software to assess eighteen environmental impact categories across the plastic bottle cap production cycle, from raw material extraction to manufacturing. 3. Findings and Discussion The findings reveal that using recycled PP offers both environmental and economic advantages. When recycled PP was used, a notable reduction of up to 45% in human carcinogenic impacts was observed making it a compelling choice for reducing environmental harm. Results reinforce the viability of incorporating recycled materials in plastic manufacturing, particularly for managing medical plastic waste more sustainably. 4. Conclusion and Implications By repurposing saline bottle waste, manufacturers can substantially decrease environmental impacts while addressing medical plastic waste management challenges. Future research will continue to explore sustainable solutions in medical waste handling and strategies to lower the environmental footprint of plastic production.