ASSESSING THE CAUSES OF COASTAL EROSION AND ITS ONGOING CHALLENGES DURING 2004- 2024 IN HIKKADUWA DIVISIONAL SECRETARIAT IN GALLE DISTRICT

Abstract

Coastal zones play a particularly significant role in Sri Lanka, because it is an island with a broad coastline. However, natural processes and human activities are rapidly altering coastlines, with profound consequences for the environment, communities and industries that depend on. This study investigates the causes of coastal erosion and its ongoing challenges, with a special focus on Hikkaduwa Divisional Secretariat Division in Galle district. The required data for DSAS, NDVI, and NDBI analyses were collected through questionnaire surveys, interviews, and USGS satellite images from the years 2004, 2005, 2014, and 2024. From 2004, a noticeable shift in land cover has been observed, with vegetation areas diminishing and built-up spaces expanding the study area. The expansion of built-up areas often leads to increased demand for resources and infrastructure, further exacerbating the existing challenges. The research offers significant insights into the present condition of coastal erosion and the persistent challenges faced in the Hikkaduwa area. The findings present valuable implications for regional development and the promotion of community-based tourism initiatives in Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka.