Abstract:
This study investigates socio-economic factors affecting English secondary education
in Sri Lanka's rural Haldummulla Divisional Secretariat, where economic challenges
lead to educational disparities. Focusing on students in Grades 12 and 13, this
research explores how socio-economic status, such as family income, parental
education, and community resources, influences educational access, quality, and
outcomes. A case study approach with mixed methods was used, incorporating
structured questionnaires from 250 students and secondary data from governmental
records. The findings reveal that lower-income families face significant barriers in
accessing educational resources, leading to reduced academic performance and
increased dropout rates. Family size and peer influence also impact students'
engagement, with larger families having fewer resources per child and academic
motivation influenced by peers. Statistical analysis through descriptive statistics and
chi-square tests revealed that key subjects like Mathematics and English are
particularly affected by economic hardship. The study suggests targeted interventions
to close rural education gaps, including enhanced school infrastructure, financial
support for low-income families, and improved access to transportation and
affordable tuition. Teacher training programs aimed at practical, interactive
teaching methods are also recommended to boost student engagement in critical
subjects. This research underscores the importance of comprehensive policies to
bridge socio-economic barriers, supporting a more equitable education system that
promotes better educational outcomes and long-term socio-economic mobility for
rural students. In conclusion, this research underscores the complex interplay
between socio-economic factors and educational outcomes, emphasizing that
educational improvement in rural regions like Haldummulla requires a multi-faceted
approach. By addressing both economic and social barriers, there is potential to
foster a more equitable education system.
