Abstract:
Tourism has emerged as a transformative force in plantation communities, reshaping livelihoods
and socio-cultural practices. The Blue Field Division in Ramboda, Nuwara Eliya, historically
rooted in tea plantation labour, now represents a unique site where tea production coexists with
a growing tourism industry. This study examines the impacts of tourism development on the
socio-cultural dynamics and sustainable tourism practices of the Malayaham community, with
particular attention to shifting employment patterns, gender roles, cultural identity, and community
challenges. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the research combined qualitative
and quantitative techniques. Primary data were collected through field observations and semistructured
interviews during seven site visits, while secondary data were drawn from official
records, reports, and prior studies. A stratified sampling method ensured representation across
diverse groups, including youngsters, tuk-tuk and safari drivers, tea factory management, government
officials, and residents. The final sample comprised 50 participants. Data were analysed
using descriptive statistics for quantitative patterns and thematic coding for qualitative insights,
allowing for triangulation and validation of findings. Results reveal a marked shift from
traditional plantation work toward tourism-related occupations such as tour guiding, hospitality,
handicrafts, and transport services. Women and youth have taken leading roles, with women
comprising nearly 80% of registered tour guides, redefining gender roles and providing new
opportunities for empowerment. Tourism has also influenced cultural practices, festivals, attire,
and cuisine, contributing to both cultural preservation and risks of cultural dilution. However,
challenges persist, including seasonal fluctuations in income, limited opportunities for independent
entrepreneurship due to factory management control, and tensions between local transport
providers and estate authorities. The study concludes that tourism offers significant potential for
socio-cultural empowerment, economic diversification, and heritage preservation in plantation
communities. In addition, inclusive and sustainable strategies are essential to maximise benefits.
Recommendations include the promotion of traditional Malayaham street foods, capacity
building through training programs, and the revival of cultural events such as Kaman Koothu
and Malayaham folk songs to safeguard authenticity. Collaborative efforts between local residents
and estate management are crucial to ensure that tourism development strengthens, rather
than undermines, community well-being and cultural identity.
