Abstract:
The accelerated pace of development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the emerging opportunities
to automate the generation of user interfaces (UI) are explored in this research, especially
within the context of cross-platform development tools like the Flutter platform. This
research aimed to develop customed and open access LLM models, to create User Interfaces
(UI) effectively. Then, the social and ethical implications of AI based UI design creation were
assessed through a questionnaire survey. The new framework combines all free-tier Large Language
Models (Gemini, Groq, Cohere, Hugging Face, Open Router) with individually developed
models created viaMPNet-Base sentence transformers. The individually developed model
performed training on newly developed data sets of 10,000 samples, defining varied UI designs
such as authentication pages, dashboards, form elements, and e-commerce UI designs. The new
framework allows real-time generation of UI source code for both texts and voice commands
developed via Flutter and Python FastAPI development tools. The methodology to evaluate
technological advancements utilized performance assessment and conducting surveys to measure
UI source-code accuracy and related social-ethical perceptions from 220 IT professionals.
The new framework resulted in 87.01% accuracy and 93.31% F1 scores. Analysis disclosed
major defects such as pattern repetition, color contrast issues, and incongruent points as significantly
prioritized among IT professionals. The new framework showed technological feasibility
along with justified needs to introduce social and ethical considerations to ensure greater monitoring
and human control in generating UI via AIs.
